Fusible but insoluble high-melting, fiber-forming polyesters



r 2,980,649 Patented Apr. 18, 1961 FUSIBLE BUT INSOLUBLE HIGH-MELTING, FIBER-FORMING POLYESTERS No Drawing. Filed Aug. 23, 1956, Ser. No. 605,693

14 Claims. c1. 260-47 This invention relates primarily to highly polymeric, high melting, cross-linked, fiber-forming polyesters derived from an aromatic (or hydrogenated aromatic) bifunctional dicarboxy compound (e.g. dimethyl terephthalate) condensed with a glycol (e.g. ethylene glycol or 1,4-cyclohexane dimet'hanol) which have been prepared in such a manner as to be substantially insoluble in organic solvents and possess improved resistance to heat distortion while at the same time retaining fusibility at some temperatures within the range between about 150 and 350? C. These improved.cross-linked'poly" esters are prepared by following a process known to produce a linear, highly polymeric, high-melting polyester by condensing a bifunctional hexacarbocyclic carboxy compound with a bifunctional glycol employing as the glycol at least mole percent of an aliphatic unsaturated bifunctional glycol containing an ethylenically unsaturated bond, then incorporating into this linear polyester an organic peroxy compound, and heating to atleast about 50 C. until the desired cross-linked polyester is produced. I v

The preparation of infusible non-crystalline polyesters involving the cross-linking or vulcanization of such compositions containing unsaturated aliphatic acids is exemplified by US. patent 2,410,073 and is described in the literature such as in Ind. vEng. Chem. 39, 1090 (1947). For example, polyesters containing maleic acid can be cross-linked by heating with benzoyl peroxide. None of these polyesters can be formed into fibers or films which can be drafted, heat-set and used in making fabrics, photographic film, orother articles requiring a high-melting, stable, fusible polymer.

Although it is also known that olefinic glycols such as 1,4-butenediol can be employed in;polyesters, there is no contemplation of using them in high melting crystalline fiber-forming polyesters. I 4

The use of unsaturated glycols in, the preparation of polycarbonates including modifications employing saturated polybasic acids such as oxalic, malonic, citric, etc.

is described in US. 2,563,771 which discussesthe'lpolymerization of such materials employing various organic and inorganic peroxy compounds; this patent illustrates the fact that the unsaturated diols have ..been generally considered to be ,of no use in thepreparation.ofthose .high melting, fiber-forming polyesters to. which the present invention pertains.

In polyesters that contain unsaturated,,acids such as :maleic acid, the .double bond,is activated-byconjugation with the ,carbonyl groups. It well. known that .such conjugated doublebonds are highlyreactive toward addition and oxidation reactions. Thus, alkyd resins con- ..taining maleic acid'and other relatediunsaturated..acids canbe readily cross-linked-to form infusible and insoluble products which are of value asprotective coatings such asin paints, varnishes, and the like. A:

..We,have now,. made-the unexpected discovery that -inonaconjugatedf unsaturated bifunctiona 'glycols cvwiiicudo 'not comm a double bbad conjugatedfwith an activating group) can be employed in the preparation of the recently developed linear highly polymeric, high-melting polyesters derived by condensing a hexacarbocyclic bifunctional carboxy'compound and a bifunctional glycol, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate, etc. Although it would have been expected that the employment of such unsaturated glycols in the preparation of these fiber-forming fusible high-melting polyesters would be detrimental, we have discovered that their presence in such apolyester appears to activate the non-conjugated unsaturation in the glycol to an extent which permits some degree of cross-linking when the polyesters are treated with an organic peroxy compound of the general type capable of vcross-linking the unsaturated bonds in the infusible polyesters derived from unsaturated bifunctional aliphatic acids such as maleic acid. This moderated cross-linking can be readily accomplished by heating at an elevated temperature such as about 50 C. up to a maximum temperature preferably below the melting point of the linear polyester being cross-linked. Most unexpectedly, the cross-linking which is accomplished does not render the polyester infusible nor does it substantially affect the melting point of the polyester. Quite surprisingly, the moderated cross-linking results in the formation of a polyester which'has greater insolubility in organic solvents and improved resistance to heat distortion.

Thus, by practicingthis invention,jthe usual highly polymeric, high-melting, fusible, fiberforming polyesters can be produced which have essentially the samevaluable characteristics normally attributed to such polyesters with the added features of greater insolubility and improved resistance to heat distortion. As a consequence,

'the polyesters produced according to .this invention can be employed in the preparation of synthetic fibers and films which can be subjected to conditions under'which the previously known films and fibers (such as'thosc produced from polyethylene terephthalate) could not be effectively employed. V

It is an object of this invention to provide highly polymeric, high-melting, fusible, cross-linked, fiber-forming polyesters derived from a hexacarbocyclic bifunctional dicarboxy compound and a bifunctional glycolwhich are substantially insoluble in mostorganic solvents and possess improved resistance 'to heat distortion whileretaining a fusibility at some, temperature/range between about C. and 350C. and, retaining essentially all of the other valuable attributes of the previously known polyesters of this type. 7

It 'is a further object of this invention to provide a process for preparing such improved polyesters.

An. additional object of thisinvention isto, provide fibers and films prepared from these improved polyesters. Other objects of this invention will .becomeapparent herein. p l I Inaccordance with' one embodiment of this invention there is provideda process for preparinga highly polymeric, high melting, cross-linked, fusible, fiber-formingpolyester fl'OlTl'a hexacarbocyclic bifunctional dicarboxy compound condensed wth a glycol in accordance. with the usual'process'es forpreparing ,such polyesters andv modifications thereof which havemelting points between about 150v and 350.C.', with the exceptio'n thatithe usual bifunctional glycol containing from :2. to about 12 carbon atoms which-is normally: employed -'in the preparation of such 'a polyester is-"replaced-with'f from "3101315 'which' c'onnect'the two glycolic oxy atoms. The

"term non-conjugated excludes 'the presence of "conjugated bonds as illustrated by the formula:

This :modified process for preparing a substantially linear polyester is thenfollowed by the steps of incorporatingacross-linking agent into the linear polyester --and then heating the linearpolyester at from about 50 C. .up to a temperature preferably below the melting -point of the linearpolyester for from about 5 minutes to about5 hours whereby a cross-linked, fiber-forming, fusible,.polyester is produced.

Quite a number of-patents havebeen issued during the last few years describing processes for preparing highly polymeric, high-melting, .fusible, fiber-forming linear polyesters derived from a dicarboxy compound condensed =witha glycol. Perhaps the best known of this group of recently developed polyesters is polyethylene terephthalate. Other aromatic =bifunctional dicarboxy compounds which can be advantageously employed in preparing suchpolyesters include those containing carboxy groups 'directly attached :toan aromatic ring which are situated in "a para relationship such as 4,4'-sulfonyldizenzoic acid, p,p'-diphenic acid, "1,2-di(p-carboxyphcnyl) I ethane, '1',2-di(p-carboxyphenoxy) ethane, chlorinated tereph- 'thalic'acid, etc. It has .recently become apparent that an equivalent acid is the fully hydrogenated derivative .of

terephthalic acid, especially the trans-isomer of 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic' acid which appears to function in many regards as an equivalent of terephthalic acid. The compounds of this class can be generically referred to as from 1 to '4 .carbonatoms.

invention include those whi h are analogous to the ether 'glycols-previously knowmto be useful, for example:

These non-conjugated unsaturated glycols which can be employed in accordance with this invention contain the group --CH=CR-- wherein R represents a hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or .other lower alkyl radical containing Glycols containing an-olefinic ring structure also ican be used; Typical examples include:

' F011,011 onion li/ onion CHiOH etc., wherein the compounds illustrated -are derivatives of 'cyclohexene" and bicyclo (22.11) heptene; of course, other relatedcyclic olefinic glycols can be simila'rlyemployed.

Any-of 'theglycols or dicarboxy compounds employed "inaccordance withthis invention can contain other sub- 'hexacarbocyclic bifunctionaldicarboxy compounds wherefin-the carboxy substituents are nuclearly located in a "para relationship. v

The prior art shows-that the polyesters derived from such hexacarbocyclic dicarboxylic acids','-esters, and rea lated compounds have. melting points which are generally well above 150 C. and that such polyesters can be modified by incorporating aliphatic bifunctional dicarboxy compounds into the'process for their prep'arationso as --to improve various physical and chemicalcharacteristics 40 "vention, the principles relating to the preparation'of the related I polyestersusing the saturated "glycols apply in an analogous manner.

without adversely affecting the most valuablelcharacter- The high-melting, highlypolymeric, modifiedfiorunmodified fusible fiber-'forming polyestersof the prior art have generally "been produced by the employment 10f an aliphatic saturated bifuhctional glycol cOntainingfrom 2 to 12 carbon atoms such as "ethyleneg'lycol, itetra- -methylene glycol, decamethylene glycol, '2,2-dimethylpropanediol-1,3,3-methylhexanediol 1,6 diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, etc. Other branched chainxglycols, 'cylic glycols,-ethe r glycols, etc. can beemployedas modifiers. An -especially useful glycol is 1,4 -cyclohexanedisaturated glycol,

stituentsgwhich are nonfunctional and donot enter into the .polyesterification 'reactionsuch as chlorine substit- -uents, nitro substituents, alkoxy substituents, thioether groups, etc. 'The-use'of compounds of suchclasses is described'in theprior art.

'In preparing the polyesters employing the non-conjugated unsaturated glycols in accordance withthis'in- For" example, the presence of unsymmetrical branchedchains e e-ether linkages tends to .reduce ;the melting points as well as reduce the crystallinity' of the polysters produced. "The ;techniques during thefirst part'of theproduction of the'polyesters of --this invention are thesame as those employed in theprepar'a- ';tion. of those known *linear polyesters wherein a saturated glycol 'is employed. is generally accomplished by .an ester interchangereaction ernployingan'excessyof the glycol and-a'lower alkyl ester'ofthe bifunc'tional'dicarboxycompound-using anester interchange polyesterification catalyst. The "polyesterification process can be performed. using the melt-polymerization. procedure or the solid-phase polymerization procedure. After -this substantiallydinear polyester-has been prepared employing at 'leastfl' o lnole percent of; the non-conjuga-ted -un- Y W V ,a -cro'ss-linking agent is incorporated into the polyester. a

. The cross-linking iagents most advantageously -employefd areorganie peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide,

methanol (cis or trans-isomer). Transquinitol..ean,also.-.-

jbe employed.

i One of the essential fea'turesof this invention lies in "the employment of anon-conjugated unsaturated'lglycol which 'difiers fromithose ordinarily employed. inithose :respects' mentioned .above: Suchka glycol contains an -.iolefiriica lly unsaturated bond in the group of connected :carbonatomsaattached to .afglycolic oxygen atom. E'xamiples-rof Lthcse= unsaturated -,glycols include 2-butene-.1,4

- or pe o des.

acetyl ,peroxidqflauryl peroxide, dibutyryl peroxide,

tertiarybutyl hydroperoxide, peracetic "acid, "perphthalic acid benzoyl acetyl peroxide, tertiarybutyl 'peracetat e, curnene hydroperoxide,;etc.' It'is'generally advantageous to employffrorn aim mt -1%- to about;15% by weightio'f ;the polyester of they organic peroxide i cross linking agentalthough higher or lower 'percentages can also be employed. From about 4 to about 8% of the peroxide 1s most'gadvantageously -used. ,Underfsome circumstances, the inorganic peroxides can be employed, ho wever,'it is generally most advantageous to employdhe Ex ple of wayin which th P xi .Fah'be advanabout minutes to 5 hours depending upon the temperaincorporated into the polyester by milling or rolling if thep'o'lyester'h'as a sufficiently low softening point which permits the milling or rolling operation to be performed in accordance with this invention can be employed as operations, rolling operations, dissolving the 'peroxide and the polyester in a mutual solvent and evaporating the solvent, treating the polyester with a swelling agent and then treating the swollen polyester with a solution of a peroxide which penetrates into the swollen polyester, spraying a solution of the peroxide upon granules of the polyester, mixing the peroxide in powder form with granulesof the polyester, introducing the peroxide into the molten polyesterduring the lastv stages of the preparation of the polyester by the usual melt-polymerization mchniqueetg d A V p After the organic. peroxy compound has been incorporated into the linear polyester, the final product is produced by heating the polyester'at from about 50. C. up to a maximum temperature of about 300 C. Most advantageously themaximum temperaturve is limited to a temperature just below the melting point of the substantially linear polyester which is being cross-linked. The heating at an elevated temperature is maintained from ture andthe degree of cross-linking desired. .It is'most advantageous to heat at a temperature of from about 100 C. to about 160 C. for from about 10 minutes to about 3 hours. Of course, higher temperaturesincreasethe rapidity of the cross-linking thereby reducin'g the time to a matterof just a few minutes. Y

When the peroxy compound is introduced onto the surface of granules of the polyester and the polyester is then extruded in the customary manner, the extrusion process provides. both a mixing operation for the inas well as a sufficiently elevated temperature which is required to produce a cross-linking of the polyester,

Asrnentioned above, the peroxy compound maybe within the usually advantageous temperature range of around. 100 C such as from 80 to about 110' Cf One of the processes for'incorporating the peroxide includes dissolving the substantially linearpolyester in a suitable solvent so as to form a dope or solution of the linear polyester andthen adding the peroxy compound to the solution. 'Films can then be cast from this sglution and the solvent evaporated to give anniform'dispersionof the p'eroxy compound in the polyester.

The evaporating of the solventcan be performed soar.

'to simultaneously heat treat thepolyester therebyac- ,cornplishing, the cross-linking. ,Alternatively, the evaporation can be performed first and the cross-linking can then be performedaat any, subsequent time as desired.

2 The substantially linear polyester can begranulated or pulverized to a particle size of 100 mesh or finer and the powder 'then mixed witha'peroxy compound in a Vela-.

.corporation of the peroxy compound into the polyester tile solvent 'after whichothe solvent can be evaporated.

T i p9 dr.- an bemolde or e u y he us a methods which generally provide adequate heat treat-' ,mentsuflicient "to, cross-link .the polyester oradditional -extrudingbperation- -1 .J;

Films or fibers of the substantially linear polyester can be soaked in a solution of the peroxide using a liquid which is a swelling agent for the polyester. This treatment allows'the peroxide to diffuse into the polyester. The treated films or fibers can then be heat treated at an elevated temperature in order to accomplish the cross- 1 linking.

It is evident that the cross-linked polyesters produced films, fibers, coating compositions, molding compositions, and the like. These products are essentially analostirring was continued for 2 hours.

inherent viscosity, was measured in ;-in movie projectors, slide projectors or the like.

This invention can be further illustrated by the following examples of preferred embodiments although it will 'be understood' that these examples are included merely for purposes of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention unless otherwise specifically indicated.

Example 1 Four hundred and twenty grams (1.0 mole) of 4,4- sulfonyldibenzoicaciddibutyl ester, 216 g. (1.0 mole) of dimethylazelate, 208 g. (2.0 moles) of pentamethylene glycol, and 176 g. (2.0 moles) of 2-butene-1,4-d iol were placed in a reaction vessel equipped with astirrer; a distillation column, and an inlet for purified nitrogen. A

.solution of 0.2 g. sodium titaniumibutoxide 'in 5 cc. of

butyl alcoholiwas added as polymerization catalystQ .The mixture was stirred at ZOO-210 C. in an atmosphereof nitrogen, and a mixture of butyl and methyl alcohol was'fdis'tilled from the vessel. When evolution of alcohol had practically stopped, the temperature was raised to 240 C. and stirring was continued for 20 minutes. A vacuum of 0.1 mm. was then applied and The product was somewhat rubbery, and light vtan in color. It had an phenol-40 tetra chloroethane,- of 1,.2.

v A dope of; this substantially'linear polyesterin'dichloromethane was prepared containing 5 %by weight of benz'oyl peroxide based on, the :polymer. Films were coated from thedope; and after evaporation of the solvent, they -were cured at, 110. C. for 2 hours." These films were still somewhat rubbery but very tough. They were no longer soluble in dichloromethane. They are useful as-a protective coating having excellent resistance to'practically all organic solvents. F

" hEz rample 2 A- copolyester was madehaving the.composition 0.4

mole 4,4'-sulfonyldibenzoic acid 0.6 mole 2-methyladipic acid 0.4 mole hexamethylene glycol 0.6:mole 3-hexenel,6,-diol.= One .hundred grams of the polyester and 5 g. ofzcumene hydroperoxide were dissolved in 600 cc. of 1,2 -d ichloroethan e and films were coated from the solution. After drying, the films were heated for 1 hour ..at 1 30 C. The films were insoluble in the usual polyester solvents; butqstill retained. their; flexibility. They also hadgreatertearresistance than the original substantially :heat treatment. can. b.e performedzafter the .moldingi ior gous to those produced from those linear polyesters pre-.

pared by using a saturated glycol but have theaddedf advantages of improved resistance to. heat distortion and ulated to a, particle size 0.005 inch and parts were linear lyester.

A copolyester was made having the composition 0.3 mole 4,4'-sulfonyldibenzoic acid 0.7 mole sebacic acid 0.6 mole tetramethylene glycol 0.4 mole 2-butene- 1,4-diol. Twenty-four grams of di-tert-butyl peroxide was milled into 300 g. of the polyester on rubber rolls at 100C. The milled product was pressed into sheets and cured at C. for 30 minutes. The cross-linked material was insoluble and very tough. It is valuable in the production of molded articles.

Example 4 A polyester was made having the composition 0.7 mole .'4,4'-sulfonyldibenzoic acid 0.3 mole'adipic acid 1.0

- mole Z-hexene-Z-ethyl-l,6-diol. This polymer was gran- .solution of the peroxide.

] the (fiber...

sslurried with ,7 partsaof lauroyl peroxidezdissolved in methanol. The methanol was .evaporated'so that. the

.polyester particles were zcoated with.the peroxide. The

.;.powder was thencompression-molded to .give a crossilinked polymer. Molded .articles obtained possessedgood .physical I properties, .especially: a..high;heat-;distortion tem- .perature.

.Examplej 1 A polyester was made ihaving [the-composition "1.0

-mole terephthalic acid 0.8 mole butanediol-+ .0.2

mole '2-butene-1,4-diol. This 1 polymer was extruded in the usual manner to give film. 'The filmswas soaked in a 1,'1,2-trichloroethane solution containing =tert-butyl peracetate of such concentrationthat'the dried film contained 4% "by weight of the peroxide. The'peroxide' was fairlywelldispersed in=the film due to 'theza'ction of the =swellin'g'agent. The -'film-was processed in "1116 -usual'way by stretching and was then heated at 140" C. for minutes. These films possessed a higher heat distortion temperature and modulus of elasticity thandogfilms produced from polyethylene terephthalate.

f Exqutple 6 .A polyester having thecomposition ;1.0 mole 1,'2-di(p- :carboxyphenoxy) ethane +..0.8 mole ethylene glycol 0.2 mole 2-butene-,1,4.-dio1 was extruded into fiber. Four percent by weight of di-tert-butyl pernxidewasdeposited in .thejfiberby -.soaking the fiber in .t dichloromet-hane The dried .fiher was drafted .and .thenheated at .140? .C. fo r minutes. The 2- butenelA- diolportionof the polymer was :thus cross- .linked. This results in .a;hi gher. sticking temperature for e Example] Apolyester was produced as in' Example 5 except that --.the butanediol was replaced with a"50-i 50 mixture of cis and trans isomers of 1,l-cyclohexahedimethanol.""This \PUIYHICI' was extruded by melt-spinning to form' fibers which' were treated with peroxide and processed as desscribedin Example 5. 'Thefibers produced had-a-soften- .;ing .point above250 C. iand were of improved re- :sistance to heat distortion. "'They were woven into use :ful fabrics which were not-adverselyafiected by most organic solvents.

. Although the invention'has been gdescribed in considerable detail with referencefito certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will. be .understood that variations and modifications can be effected without departing from *t-he spirit and scope of-the invention as describedhereinabove and as defined in the appended claims. Weclaim:

1 1. A process for preparing 'afhighlypolymeric,cross linked, fiber-forming polyester comprising (A) 'incorpo- :rating an organic peroxy compound in an amount of '='=from about 1%to about 15% by =weight-"of the pqlyester '-'-into asubstantially linearfpolyester 'of reactants consist-' 1 ing of (I) -a'dicarboxylic -aei'd *composedof "to 10.0

'. mole percent of a hexacar'bocyclic dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of terephthalic 'acid,

.; acid, 1.2 ditp -:carboX phenoxyJethane,.1,2 di(p mar-v boxyphenyUethane, .and .p-,'p'.-,diphenic .acid and .from 110 vinsoluble ,in .organic solvents, .possesses improved vresistto '70 mole percent of:.a dicarboxylic acid selected from .the group consisting .of..isophthalic.acid, .pacarboxycar- .banilic acid and a saturated .aliphatic dicarboxylic .acid containing from .2 to :20 carbon'atoms and (II.). .a .di-

.hydroxy compound .composed..of; from .1010 .100 mole percent of an aliphatic nonconjugated unsaturated glycol .ance [to ,heat .distortionandds .fusibleat temperatures .within the; range between'about 150 .C. and .300 .C. .2. A process as defined lay .claim .1 .wherein .the .de-.

fined polyester reactants -are .(I) 4,4 '-sulfonyldibenzoic .acid .and azelaic acid, ..and (IL) .2-.b.uteneel,4ediol and pentamethy lene Eglycol.

3. A process .as defined claim 1 wherein the defined polyester reactants are (I) 4,4rsulfonyldibenzoic .acid and Z-methyladipic acid, and v (II)...3:hexene=1=,6-t:liol

and hexamethylene glycoL. J

- 4. A process .asdefinedflbyclaim ..1 wherein the, de-

efined polyester .reactantsare (I) -4,4' -.sulfonyldibenzoic .acid and. sebacic .acid .and (II) 2-.butene+1,4-,diol .Land .tetramethylene glycol.

'A process was defined ..by...claim v.1 wherein .the .de-

vf-fined polyester. reactants .are (1)..terephthalic acid and (II) 2-butene-l,4:diol..and: butane-1,4-diol.

6. .A :process .as defined -.by claim .1 wherein the ldefined polyester .reactants .are (1) .1,2 -.di(p car- }boxyphenoxyjethane and (II);2:butene-1 ,4-diol andethyl- -.ene glycol.

- 7. .A polyester produced by the .process .defined .by

claim 6.. a

13. .A fiber ofthepolyesterproduced by the process defined by claim 1.

claim 1. 7 1

8. VA polyester produced lby thelprocess defined by ..clairn 2.

9.-A polyester .produced .by. the. process 'defined by .clairn.3.

.10. A polyester producedhy the process defined Iby claim 4. a

.11. A polyester produce'd .by the process Ldefinedlay .cl'aim 5. a

12. A polyester produced .byflthe process defined by 14. A film of the 'polyestenproduced by'the process defined by claim 1.

. .ReferencesCited;in.the.file.of this patent UNITED STATES i-PATENTS 2,813,086 Robitschek et-al. Nov. 12,1957

4,4'-sulfonyldibenzoic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic' 5 I Robitschek et al. ;;Dec..9, 1958 

1. A PROCESS FOR PREPARING A HIGHLY POLYMERIC, CROSSLINKED, FIBER-FORMING POLYESTER COMPRISING (A) INCORPORATING AN ORGANIC PEROXY COMPOUND IN AN AMOUNT OF FROM ABOUT 1% TO ABOUT 15% BY WEIGHT OF THE POLYESTER INTO A SUBSTANTIALLY LINEAR POLYESTER OF REACTION CONSISTING OF (1) A DICARBOXYLIC ACID COMPOSED OF 30 TO 100 MOLE PERCENT OF A HEXACARBOXYLIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID, 4,4''-SULFONYLDIBENZOIC ACID, 1,4-CYCLOHEXANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 1,2-DI(P-CARBOXYPHENOXY)ETHANE, 1,2-DI(P-CARBOXYPHENYL)ETHANE, AND P,P''-DIPHENIC ACID AND FROM 0 TO 70 MOLE PERCENT OF A DICARBOXYLIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ISOPHTHALIC ACID, P-CARBOXYCARBANILIC ACID AND A SATURATED ALIPHATIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID CONTAINING FROM 2 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS AND (II) A DIHYDROXY COMPOUND COMPOSED OF FROM 10 TO 100 MOLE PERCENT OF AN ALIPHATIC NONCONJUGATED UNSATURATED GLYCOL CONTAINING AN ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED BOND IN THE GROUP OF INTERCONNECTED CABON ATOMS ATTACHED TO A GLYCOLIC OXY ATOM AND FROM 0 TO 90 MOLE PERCENT OF A SATURATED ALIPHATIC GLYCOL CONTAINING FROM 2 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS, AND (B) HEATING AT FROM ABOUT 50*C. UP TO THE MELTING POINT OF THE SUBSTANTIALLY LINEAR POLYESTER WHEREBY THERE IS PRODUCED A CROSS-LINKED POLYESTER WHICH IS SUBSTANTIALLY INSOLUBLE IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS, POSSESSES IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO HEAT DISTORTION AND IS FUSIBLE AT TEMPERATURES WITHIN THE RANGE BETWEEN ABOUT 150*C. AND 300*C. 